All Articles in Civil Law
A contract where one party makes a promise in exchange for performance.
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A specified sum of money agreed to be paid as compensation for breach of contract.
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Transfer of rights under a contract to another party.
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Wrongful exercise of dominion over another's personal property.
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Unauthorized entry upon another's real property.
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A contract that has no legal effect from the beginning.
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A lawsuit to establish ownership of real property.
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Interference with another's personal property.
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A security interest in real property given as collateral for a loan.
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A contract where both parties exchange mutual promises.
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A valid contract that cannot be enforced due to a legal defense.
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A civil wrong committed with intent, such as assault, battery, or defamation.
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A fictional contract imposed by law to prevent unjust enrichment.
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A law requiring certain contracts to be in writing to be enforceable.
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A contract formed by conduct rather than express words.
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A contract that may be set aside by one party due to defects.
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Unforeseeable circumstances that prevent fulfillment of a contract.
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A proposal by one party to enter into a contract.
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Transfer of duties under a contract to another party.
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A legal relationship where a person is appointed to care for another.
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Acquiring title to property through continuous, hostile possession for a statutory period.
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A defense that the plaintiff knowingly accepted the risks of an activity.
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Intrusion into another person's private life without consent.
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The final decision or finding of fact by a jury in a civil case.
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A claim made by the defendant against the plaintiff in response to the original complaint.
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Liability of manufacturers for injuries caused by defective products.
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A discovery request demanding documents, records, or tangible evidence.
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Using legal process for an improper purpose.
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A small amount of money awarded when a legal right was violated but no actual loss occurred.
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The defendant's written response to the plaintiff's complaint.
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A court ruling that declares the rights and obligations of the parties without awarding damages.
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Defamation in spoken or temporary form.
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A process where a neutral third party renders a binding decision to resolve a dispute.
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A written agreement or promise contained in a deed.
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A judgment entered without trial when there are no genuine disputes of material fact.
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Defamation in written or permanent form.
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A neutral third party holding funds or documents until conditions are met.
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A doctrine barring recovery if the plaintiff was partially at fault.
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Initiating legal proceedings without probable cause and with malicious intent.
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A voluntary process where a neutral third party helps parties reach a mutually agreeable resolution.
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Unconditional agreement to the terms of an offer.
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Negligence by an attorney that causes harm to a client.
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Money awarded to compensate for actual losses or injuries suffered.
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Unlawful restraint of a person's freedom of movement.
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Money awarded to punish the defendant for egregious conduct and deter similar conduct.
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A claim brought by one defendant against another defendant in the same lawsuit.
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A defense when performance becomes objectively impossible.
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False statements that harm another person's reputation.
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A written legal document that transfers ownership of real property.
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A defense when an unforeseen event undermines the purpose of the contract.
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A claim filed by the defendant against a person not originally a party to the lawsuit.
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Liability imposed without proof of fault or intent for inherently dangerous activities.
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A doctrine preventing relitigation of issues already decided in a prior case.
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Something of value exchanged between parties to form a binding contract.
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A discovery request asking a party to admit or deny specific facts.
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Indirect damages resulting from a breach but not directly caused by it.
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Non-monetary remedies such as injunctions or specific performance based on fairness.
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A doctrine reducing damages based on the plaintiff's percentage of fault.
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A request to a higher court to review and change the decision of a lower court.
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Legal ownership of property.
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Negligence by a healthcare professional that causes harm to a patient.
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Formal written statements filed with the court that set forth the parties' claims and defenses.
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Money awarded to a party for loss or injury suffered.
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A situation where one party benefits at another's expense without legal justification.
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A remedy rewriting a contract to reflect the parties' true intent.
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A trust created by a will that takes effect after death.
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The legal right to bring a lawsuit based on a direct and personal interest.
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A remedy requiring a party to perform their contractual obligations.
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The cancellation of a contract, returning parties to their pre-contract positions.
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