Family Law

Family Law addresses marriage, civil unions, divorce, child custody, adoption, and domestic violence. It aims to protect vulnerable family members while resolving disputes fairly.

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All Articles in Family Law

Dowry
English: Property or money given by the bride's family to the groom or his family upon marriage, prohibited in many jurisdictions. Hindi: दह...
Dowry Prohibition Act
English: Legislation in India criminalizing the giving and receiving of dowry. Hindi: दहेज निषेध अधिनियम - भार...
Alienation of Affection
English: A tort claim against a third party who interferes with a marital relationship. Hindi: स्नेह का विमोचन - एक व...
Marital Property
English: Property acquired during marriage, subject to division upon divorce. Hindi: वैवाहिक संपत्ति - विवाह क...
Community Property
English: A system where most property acquired during marriage is owned jointly and divided equally on divorce. Hindi: सामुदायिक स...
Guardianship
A legal relationship where a person is appointed to care for another.
Joint Custody
English: Both parents share legal or physical custody of the child. Hindi: संयुक्त हिरासत - दोनों माता-प...
Intercountry Adoption
English: Adoption where a child from one country is adopted by citizens of another country. Hindi: अंतरदेशीय दत्तक ग्...
Child Abuse
Physical, emotional, or sexual mistreatment of a minor.
Parenting Plan
English: A written agreement outlining how separated parents will raise their children. Hindi: पालन-पोषण योजना - एक ल...
Cross-Border Family Disputes
English: Family law disputes involving parties or children in different countries. Hindi: सीमा पार पारिवारिक विव...
Child Custody
English: The legal right and responsibility of a parent to care for and make decisions for a child. Hindi: बाल हिरासत - बच्च...
Cruelty
English: A ground for divorce involving physical or mental harm that makes living together impossible. Hindi: क्रूरता - तलाक क...
Parens Patriae
English: The power of the state to act as guardian for those who cannot care for themselves. Hindi: पैरेंस पैट्री - उन ल...
Separate Property
English: Property owned by one spouse before marriage or acquired by gift or inheritance, not subject to division. Hindi: पृथक संपत्...
Custody Order
English: A court order determining who has legal and physical custody of a child. Hindi: हिरासत आदेश - एक अदालती ...
Child Abduction
English: The wrongful removal or retention of a child by a parent or other person. Hindi: बाल अपहरण - माता-पिता या...
Parental Kidnapping
Taking a child in violation of custody orders.
Voidable Marriage
English: A marriage that is valid until one party seeks to have it annulled for legal reasons. Hindi: शून्यनीय विवाह - ए...
Illegitimacy
English: The status of a child born to unmarried parents, historically affecting inheritance rights. Hindi: अवैधता - अविवाहि...
Legitimation
English: The process by which an illegitimate child becomes legitimate, usually by subsequent marriage of parents. Hindi: वैधीकरण - व...
Maintenance of Children
English: The legal obligation of parents to provide financial support for their children. Hindi: बच्चों का गुजारा भत...
Divorce Decree
English: The final court document that legally ends a marriage. Hindi: तलाक डिक्री - अंतिम अदालती दस्...
Step-Parent Adoption
English: Adoption of a child by the spouse of the child's biological parent. Hindi: सौतेले माता-पिता द्वार...
Special Marriage Act
English: Indian legislation allowing marriage between people of different religions or without religious ceremony. Hindi: विशेष विवा...
Muslim Personal Law
English: The body of Islamic law governing marriage, divorce, inheritance, and maintenance for Muslims. Hindi: मुस्लिम व्यक्...
Maintenance
English: Financial support paid by one spouse to another after separation or divorce. Hindi: गुजारा भत्ता - अलगाव य...
Family Court
English: A specialized court handling family-related matters such as divorce, custody, and maintenance. Hindi: परिवार न्याया...
Mediation in Family Matters
English: A process where a neutral third party helps family members resolve disputes amicably. Hindi: पारिवारिक मामलों ...
Marriage
English: A legally recognized union between two persons that creates rights and obligations. Hindi: विवाह - दो व्यक्तिय...
Equitable Distribution
English: The fair division of marital property upon divorce, not necessarily equal. Hindi: न्यायसंगत वितरण - तलाक ...
Blood Is Thicker Than Water
Family relationships are prioritized in inheritance and family law.
Collaborative Law
English: A process where parties and their lawyers agree to resolve disputes without going to court. Hindi: सहयोगात्मक कान...
Judicial Separation
English: A court order allowing spouses to live apart without dissolving the marriage. Hindi: न्यायिक पृथक्करण - एक ...
Palimony
English: Financial support paid to an unmarried partner after separation. Hindi: पालिमनी - अलगाव के बाद अविव...
Christian Marriage Act
English: The law governing marriage and divorce for Christians in India. Hindi: ईसाई विवाह अधिनियम - भारत म...
Alimony
English: Court-ordered financial support paid to a former spouse after divorce. Hindi: गुजारा भत्ता - तलाक के बा...
Hindu Marriage Act
English: The codified Hindu personal law governing marriage, divorce, and maintenance. Hindi: हिंदू विवाह अधिनियम - ...
Wardship
English: The legal relationship where a court assumes responsibility for a child's welfare. Hindi: संरक्षण - वह कानून...
Kinship Care
English: The care of children by relatives or close family friends when parents cannot. Hindi: सगोत्रीय देखभाल - मात...
Adultery
English: Voluntary sexual intercourse between a married person and someone other than their spouse. Hindi: व्यभिचार - एक विव...
Parental Alienation
English: A situation where one parent turns a child against the other parent. Hindi: माता-पिता का अलगाव - एक स्...
Visitation Rights
English: The right of a non-custodial parent to spend time with their child. Hindi: भेंट के अधिकार - गैर-हिरास...
Matrimonial Home
English: The home where a married couple resides, often subject to special protection. Hindi: वैवाहिक घर - वह घर जहा...
Cohabitation
English: Living together as a couple without being legally married. Hindi: सहवास - कानूनी रूप से विवाहित...
Artificial Insemination
English: Medical procedure where sperm is introduced into the reproductive system without sexual intercourse. Hindi: कृत्रिम गर्...
Separation Agreement
English: A written agreement between spouses who are separated, covering custody, support, and property. Hindi: पृथक्करण समझौ...
Maintenance Order
English: A court order requiring payment of financial support. Hindi: गुजारा भत्ता आदेश - एक अदालती आ...
Legitimacy
English: The status of a child born to married parents, conferring certain legal rights. Hindi: वैधता - विवाहित माता-...
A House Divided Against Itself Cannot Stand
Internal disputes weaken families and organizations.
Sole Custody
English: One parent has both physical and legal custody of the child. Hindi: एकल हिरासत - एक माता-पिता के ...
Divorce
English: The legal dissolution of a marriage by a court or other competent body. Hindi: तलाक - न्यायालय या अन्य ...
Irretrievable Breakdown
English: The ground for divorce where the marriage has broken down beyond repair. Hindi: अपूरणीय विघटन - तलाक का ...
Affidavit of Support
English: A legal document where a person promises financial support to an immigrant. Hindi: सहायता का शपथ पत्र - एक ...
Marriage Certificate
English: An official document certifying that a marriage has been registered. Hindi: विवाह प्रमाण पत्र - एक आध...
In Vitro Fertilization
English: A process where an egg is fertilized by sperm outside the body and implanted in the uterus. Hindi: इन विट्रो फर्टि...
Maternity
English: The legal recognition of motherhood, establishing parental rights and responsibilities. Hindi: मातृत्व - मातृत्व ...
Adoption
English: The legal process by which a person becomes the lawful parent of a child not biologically theirs. Hindi: दत्तक ग्रहण - ...
Guardian ad Litem
A person appointed to represent a minor or incapacitated person in litigation.
Child Support
English: Financial payments made by a non-custodial parent for the child's expenses. Hindi: बाल सहायता - बच्चे के...
Legal Custody
English: The right to make major decisions about a child's upbringing, education, and health. Hindi: कानूनी हिरासत - ब...
Open Adoption
English: An adoption where birth parents maintain some contact with the child and adoptive family. Hindi: खुला दत्तक ग्रहण...
Family Reunification
English: The process of allowing family members to join their relatives in another country. Hindi: परिवार पुनर्मिलन - ...
Family Violence
English: Violent behavior within a family, including physical, emotional, or financial abuse. Hindi: पारिवारिक हिंसा - प...
Marriage Counseling
English: Professional counseling to help couples resolve marital issues. Hindi: विवाह परामर्श - जोड़ों को व...
Common Law Marriage
English: A legally recognized marriage created by cohabitation and holding themselves out as married. Hindi: सामान्य कानून व...
Surrogacy
English: An arrangement where a woman carries and gives birth to a child for another person or couple. Hindi: सरोगेसी - एक व्य...
Desertion
Abandoning a spouse or child without providing support.
Elder Abuse
Mistreatment or neglect of elderly individuals.
Incest
Sexual relations between close family members.
Spousal Visa
English: A visa allowing the spouse of a citizen or resident to enter and reside in a country. Hindi: पति/पत्नी वीज़ा - ए...
Maintenance of Wife
English: The legal obligation of a husband to provide financial support to his wife. Hindi: पत्नी का गुजारा भत्ता ...
Hague Adoption Convention
English: An international treaty ensuring intercountry adoptions are in the child's best interest. Hindi: हेग दत्तक ग्रह...
Paternity
English: The legal establishment of fatherhood, determining parental rights and obligations. Hindi: पितृत्व - पितृत्व क...
Grandparents Rights
English: The legal rights of grandparents to seek visitation or custody of their grandchildren. Hindi: दादा-दादी के अधिक...
Void Marriage
English: A marriage that is invalid from its beginning and has no legal effect. Hindi: शून्य विवाह - एक विवाह जो...
Parental Responsibility
English: The legal rights, duties, and authority a parent has for their child. Hindi: माता-पिता की जिम्मेदारी ...
Annulment
English: A legal declaration that a marriage was never valid from its inception. Hindi: विवाह विच्छेदन - एक कानू...
Postnuptial Agreement
English: A contract entered into after marriage outlining asset division and rights. Hindi: विवाह पश्चात समझौता - ...
Parsi Marriage and Divorce Act
English: The law governing marriage and divorce for the Parsi community in India. Hindi: पारसी विवाह और तलाक अधि...
Putative Spouse
English: A person who believed in good faith that they were validly married. Hindi: प्रतीत पति/पत्नी - एक व्यक...
Hague Convention on Child Abduction
English: An international treaty providing for the prompt return of abducted children to their country of habitual residence. Hindi: बाल अप...
International Child Abduction
English: The wrongful removal of a child across international borders. Hindi: अंतरराष्ट्रीय बाल अपहरण - अ...
Physical Custody
English: The right of a parent to have the child live with them. Hindi: भौतिक हिरासत - माता-पिता का बच...
Dower
English: Property or money that a husband gives to his wife upon marriage, as required in some legal systems. Hindi: दहेज - वह संप...
Bigamy
Marrying someone while still legally married to another.
Polygamy
Having multiple spouses simultaneously.
Legitimacy Act
English: Legislation that allows illegitimate children to be legitimated under certain conditions. Hindi: वैधता अधिनियम - क...
Foster Care
English: A system where a child is placed with a state-certified caregiver for temporary care. Hindi: पालक देखभाल - एक प्...
Reconciliation
English: The process of restoring a marital relationship after separation. Hindi: सुलह - अलगाव के बाद वैवाहि...
Best Interest of the Child
English: The standard courts use to make decisions affecting children, prioritizing their welfare. Hindi: बच्चे का सर्वोत्...
Charity Begins at Home
Family obligations take precedence.
Restraining Order
English: A court order forbidding specified actions, often used in domestic violence cases. Hindi: प्रतिबंधात्मक आदे...
Closed Adoption
English: An adoption where no contact is maintained between birth parents and the adoptive family. Hindi: बंद दत्तक ग्रहण - ...
Protection Order
English: A court order prohibiting an abuser from contacting or approaching the victim. Hindi: संरक्षण आदेश - एक अदा...
Prenuptial Agreement
English: A contract entered into before marriage outlining asset division in case of divorce. Hindi: विवाह पूर्व समझौत...